Diphenylcyclopropanone (DPCP)

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Diphenylcyclopropenone (DPCP), also known as diphencyprone, is a topical immunotherapy agent used primarily to treat severe alopecia areata and recalcitrant warts. It acts as a potent contact sensitizer, inducing allergic contact dermatitis to stimulate an immune response. In alopecia areata, DPCP redirects autoimmune attacks on hair follicles, promoting hair regrowth, with response rates of 4–85% (best for early, patchy cases). For warts, it achieves high clearance rates (up to 85–91%) by triggering local immune activity. Treatment begins with sensitization using a 2% solution, followed by weekly applications of diluted DPCP (0.001%–2%) to maintain mild dermatitis. Side effects include erythema, itching, blistering, lymph node enlargement, and rare pigment changes. Stored in dark glass due to light sensitivity, it’s not FDA-approved but is compounded for use. Avoid in pregnancy, children under 10, or those with certain skin conditions; medical supervision is essential.